In commemoration of the 10th anniversary of the Kimura Motoo Foundation, we have created the Kimura Motoo Award. The executive committee has selected the most outstanding scientist, as a recipient, from each of four research fields of evolutionary biology; population genetics, molecular phylogeny, molecular evolution and evolutionary genomics, and human evolution. Population Genetics- Dr. Montgomery Slatkin, Professor, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, USA