Last updated: 1/16/06
SYLLABUS
(Subject to Modification Depending
on Time and Interests)
Websites:
General Information http://ib.berkeley.edu/labs/barnosky/IB166Webpage.htm
Enrolled students get course materials from http://blackboard.berkeley.edu:8000/
IB 166. EVOLUTIONARY BIOGEOGRAPHY. Spring 2006
Instructor: Prof. A.D. Barnosky
GSI: Jenny McGuire
Time and Place:
Lecture-WF 10-11:30P, 3007 VALLEY LSB
Discussion Section- S 101 DIS M 2-3P, 166 S 102 DIS W 9-10A 3007 VALLEY LSB
Prerequisites: Bio 1B, Bio 11, Geog 148, or Geol 50.
Brief Description: 4 units. Three
hours of lecture and one hour of discussion per week. Explores how
biogeographic processes influence evolution of species, communities, and
ecosystems. Provides background and analytical techniques for studying effects
of global change on biota.
More Details: The goals of the
course are to (a) examine how geographically-linked characteristics of species
influence their potential for evolution and extinction; and (b) provide an
overview of the analytical techniques and applications for studying the
interplay between geographic ranges, environment, evolution, and extinction.
The course will begin by examining what geographic ranges of species are and
what controls them (~5 hours of lecture). We then will explore how
geographic-range characteristics influence and interact with speciation and
extinction processes (~8 hours of lecture). With that foundation, we will
examine interactions of species within communities, touching on such topics as
community energetics, scaling issues, and the influences of humans on "natural"
ecosystems (~11 hours of lecture). The last third of the course will be devoted
to an overview of quantitative analytical techniques that commonly are used to
study interactions between biogeogeographic ranges, evolutionary processes,
extinction, and environmental change (~12 hours of lecture). Topics in this
part of the course will included island biogeography, biodiversity,
phylogenetics, phylogeography, cladistic biogeography, parsimony analysis of
endemicity, geographic information systems, etc. The final week (~3 hours of
lecture) will summarize how some of these analytical techniques can be applied
to understand biotic response to global change.
Texts:
1.
Lomolino, M. V., Riddle, B. R., and Brown, J. H. 2006. Biogeography, 3rd Edition. Sinaur.
2.
Lomolino, M. V., Sax, D. R. and Brown, J. H. 2004.
Foundations of Biogeography, Classic Papers with Commentary. University of Chicago Press.
3.
plus 1-2 articles per week from the primary literature.
Grading: 1 midterm (20%), 1 final (30%),
research paper written in a style acceptable for Journal of Biogeography
(30%), participation in class and discussion section (20%).
Week 1 Jan 16-20: Concept of Geographic Range
Course Introduction Chapter 1, pp. 3-12
Overview of Geographic Range
Concept Chapter 4, pp. 65-96
Grinnell, J. 1922. The role of the accidental. Auk 39:373-80. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p. 456]
Fernandez, M.H., Vrba E.S. 2005. Body size, biomic specialization and range size of African large mammals. J. Biogeog. 32(7): 1243-1256.
Discussion Reading
Week 2 Jan 23-27: Controls on Geographic Ranges
Physical Controls Chapter 3, pp. 39-64
Species Interactions
Historical Constraints Chapter 6,
pp. 139-154, Chapter 8, pp. 227-248
Discussion Reading
1.
Grinnell, J. 1922. The role of the accidental. Auk 39:373-80. [In Foundations of
Biogeography, p. 456]
2.
Agapow, P.-M.; Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., et al. (2004). The impact of species concept on biodiversity studies. Quarterly Review of Biology 79(2): 161-179.
Week 3 Jan 30 – Feb 3: Geographic Ranges and Speciation
Species Concepts Chapter 7, pp. 177-189
Gene Flow Chapter 15, pp. 567-584
Speciation Models Chapter 7, pp.
189-213
Discussion Reading
1.
Rensch, B. 1960. Excerpt from Evolution Above the
Species Level. [In Foundations of
Biogeography, p. 789]
2.
Plus1 article from current literature TBA
Week 4 Feb 6-10: Geographic
Ranges and Speciation
Dispersal Chapter 6, pp. 154-176
Vicariance Chapter 8, 248-268
Discussion Reading
1.
Hallam, A. 1967.
The bearing of certain palaeozoogeographic data on continental
drift. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 3:201-41. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p. 366]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 5 Feb 13-16: Geographic Ranges and Extinction
Endemism / Provincialism Chapter 10, pp. 295-322
Extinctions in the Fossil Record
Chapter 8, pp. 269-274, Chapter 9 312-323
Current Extinctions Chapter 16,
pp. 657-678; Chapter 17, 715-728
Discussion Reading
1.
Martin, P. S. The discovery of America. Science 179:969-974. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p.
641]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 6 Feb 20-24: Species Aggregates-Communities
Community Energetics Chapter 5, pp. 95-138
Describing Communites and
Ecosystems Chapter 15, 585-598
Modern Distribution of Biomes
Discussion Reading
1.
Whittaker, R. H. and W. A. Niering 1975. Vegetation of the Santa Catalina
Mountains, Arizona, V: Biomass, Production and Diversity along the Elevational
Gradient. Ecology 56:771-790. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p.
1254]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 7 Feb 27 – Mar 3: Community Evolution
Scales of Community Change
Geological Time Scale Chapter 8,
pp. 227-248
Quaternary Time Scale Chapter 9,
pp. 276-311
Discussion Reading
1.
Valentine, J. W. 1969. Patterns of taxonomic and
ecological structure of the shelf benthos during Phanerozoic time. Paleontology 12:684-709. [In
Foundations of Biogeography, p. 875]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 8 Mar 6 -10: Community Evolution
Human Time Scale and Biodiversity Crisis Chapter 16, pp. 643-656
Physical Forcing of Community
Evolution
Biotic Forcing of Community
Evolution
Discussion Reading
1.
Darlington, P. J., Jr. 1957. Excerpt from Zoogeography:
The Geographic Distribution of Animals. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p.
1036]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 9 March 13 -17: Human Influence on Biological Communities
MIDTERM: March 17
Origin and Spread of Humans
Chapter 17, pg. 728-744
Ecosystem Management
Discussion Reading
1.
Elton, C. S. 1958. Excerpt from the Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants.
[In Foundations of Biogeography, p. 575]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 10 March 20-24: Evolution of Diversity
Island Biogeography Theory Chapter 13, pp. 469-512
Island Biogeography Chapter 14,
515-562
Diversity on Continents Chapter
15, pp. 599-639
Levels of Diversity
Discussion Reading
1.
Arrhenius, O. 1921. Species and area.
Journal of Ecology 9:95-99. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p. 942]
2.
Pianka, E. R. Latitudinal gradients in species
diversity: a review of concepts.
The American Naturalist 100:33-46. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p.
1203.
3.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 11 March 27-31: Spring Break
Week 12: Measuring Diversity (April 3-7)
Strengths and Weaknesses in Island Biogeographic Theory
Island Patterns
Sampling Problems in Space and
Time
Discussion Reading
1.
MacArthur, R. H. and E. O. Wilson. 1963. An equilibrium theory of insular zoogeography. Evolution 17:373-387. [In Foundations
of Biogeography, p. 970]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 13: Interpretation of Biogeographic Data (April 10-14)
Fossils in Biogeography Chapter 11, 408-418
Early Efforts Chapter 2, 13-38;
Chapter 12, 422-435
Discussion Reading
1.
Darwin, C. 1859. Excerpts from On the Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favored Races in the
Struggle for Life. [In Foundations of Biogeography, p. 140]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 14: Interpretation of Biogeographic Data (April 17-21)
Phylogenetics Chapter 11, 389-403
Molecular Systematics
Discussion Reading
1.
Hennig, W. 1966.
Excerpt from Phylogenetic Systematics. [In Foundations of Biogeography,
p. 679]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 15: Interpretation of Biogeographic Data (April 24-28)
Phylogeography Chapter 11, pp. 404-409; Chapter 12, pp. 450-453
Cladistic Biogeography, Parsimony
Analysis of Endemicity Chapter 12, pp. 436-449, 454-466
Hubbell's Neutral Theory
GIS, Remote Sensing
Discussion Reading
1.
Nelson, G. J. 1974. Historical biogeography: an alternative formalization. Systematic Zoology 555-558. [In
Foundations of Biogeography, p. 705]
2.
Plus 1 article from current literature TBA
Week 16: Current and Future Applications (May 1-5)
Conservation Biology, Global Change Chapter 16, pp. 678-708, Chapter 17, pp. 709-715
Applications for the Future
Chapter 18, pp. 745-751
Discussion Reading
1.
2 articles from current literature TBA